Yasser Arafat (in Arabic: ياسر عرفات), born August 24, 1929 in Cairo, Egypt and died November 11, 2004 in Clamart (Hauts-de-Seine, France), real name Mohamed Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Quudwa al- Husseini (Arabic: محمد عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني‎) and also known by his nickname (kounya) of Abou Ammar, is a Palestinian activist and statesman. Leader of Fatah and then also of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Yasser Arafat remained for several decades a controversial figure in the expression of the national aspirations of the Palestinians before appearing for Israel as a partner in discussions within the framework of the process.

of Israeli-Palestinian peace in the 1990s. Yasser Arafat then represented the Palestinians in the various peace negotiations and signed the Oslo Accords in 1993. He became the first president of the new Palestinian Authority and received the 1994 Nobel Peace Prize alongside Shimon Peres and Yitzhak Rabin.